La circulación de Hadley al sudoeste de América del Sur: métricas para su caracterización
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24215/1850468Xe029Palabras clave:
métricas, tendencias, ERA5, circulación de Hadley, sudoeste de SudaméricaResumen
Este trabajo proporciona una evaluación de las métricas más utilizadas para caracterizar la rama de descenso de la Celda de Hadley y sus tendencias en los últimos 40 años sobre la región del sudoeste de América del Sur, a través del análisis de siete métricas hemisféricas y tres regionales obtenidas a partir de variables meteorológicas pertenecientes al reanálisis ERA5 para el período 1979-2021. Las relaciones entre las métricas fueron determinadas a partir del coeficiente de correlación de Pearson y las tendencias decadales a partir del test de Mann-Kendall. Los resultados encontrados sugieren relaciones estadísticamente significativas entre la métrica hemisférica de referencia función corriente del flujo de masa en 500 hPa, la métrica regional vinculada a la posición latitudinal del Anticiclón del Pacífico Sur y las métricas de la troposfera baja relacionadas con el máximo de la presión a nivel del mar y la latitud donde cambia de signo el viento en superficie tanto en la escala anual como estacional. Las métricas vinculadas al jet polar impulsado por las perturbaciones y a la precipitación menos la evaporación regional capturan la variabilidad de la posición latitudinal del Anticiclón del Pacífico Sur, mientras que la métrica hemisférica de la troposfera baja precipitación menos evaporación captura la variabilidad de la métrica de referencia. En cuanto a las tendencias por década de los promedios anuales de la rama de descenso de la Celda de Hadley durante los últimos 40 años se encontraron tendencias negativas estadísticamente significativas, lo cual indica una expansión de la Celda de Hadley durante las últimas cuatro décadas. Esto podría explicar en cierta medida las tendencias decrecientes de la precipitación en la región del sudoeste de América del Sur.
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Derechos de autor 2024 Elizabeth Beatríz Naranjo Tamayo, Juan Antonio Rivera, Maximiliano Viale, Ricardo Villalba
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